The proton gradients that power respiration are as universal as the genetic code itself, giving an insight into the origin of life and the singular origin of complexity. Why do virtually all cells ...

When nature performs chemical reactions to create energy-rich compounds from simple molecules, it requires energy. So far, it has not been possible to use human-made electricity to drive these ...

The prevalence of kidney disease has been increasing in Japan, with it now affecting one in eight adults, but developing effective treatment remains a challenge. The kidneys are among the most ...

A straightforward and reproducible synthesis pathway for a diverse range of ATP- and ADP-coupled biomolecules has been developed by modifying an established reagent. Researchers at the Institute for ...